onthicaptoc.com De thi thu TN THPT 2024 Tieng Anh So GD Ha Noi
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 7.
In 1902, just a year after graduating from Cornell University, Willis Carrier pioneered the design of the first air-conditioning unit. Working at a Brooklyn printing plant, Carrier encountered challenges due to fluctuations in heat and moisture, which caused the printing paper to consistently change size, complicating the alignment of different colors. Carriers innovative invention revolutionized the control of temperature and humidity levels, enabling precise color alignment. This breakthrough not only transformed the printing industry but also facilitated advancements in film, processed food, textiles, and pharmaceuticals by enhancing the quality of their respective products.
The first air-conditioning device was installed in a private residence in 1914. Nonetheless, its bulky size, reminiscent of early computer equipment, hindered widespread adoption. Subsequent models, like the Weathermaker introduced by Carrier in the 1920s, remained financially out of reach for the majority due to their high costs. Cooling for human comfort, rather than industrial need, really took off when three air conditioners were installed in a department store in Detroit, Michigan. The shop was packed with people eager to experience the novelty of the invention, and its popularity quickly extended from department stores to cinemas.
To start with, money-conscious employers regarded air conditioning as a luxury. They considered that if they were paying people to work, they should not be paying for them to be comfortable as well. So in the 1940s and 1950s, the industry started putting out a different message about its product: according to their research, installing air conditioning increased productivity amongst employees. They found that typists increased their output by 24% when transferred from a regular office to a cooled one. Another study into office working conditions, which was carried out in the late 1950s, showed that the majority of companies cited air conditioning as the single most important contributor to efficiency in offices.
However, air conditioning faces criticism from some quarters. Environmentalist Jed Brown argues that air conditioning contributes to global warming. Unfortunately, he adds, because air conditioning leads to higher temperatures, people have to use it even more paradoxically. However, he concedes that it does offer a healthier environment for many individuals during the sweltering summer months.
Question 1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Air conditioning - A luxury. B. The critics of air conditioning.
C. Willis Carrier - A great inventor. D. The history of an invention.
Question 2. The word “precise” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to________.
A. inaccurate B. exact C. great D. vivid
Question 3. When Willis Carrier invented air conditioning, his objective was to_______.
A. make workers feel cooler B. produce more attractive paper
C. solve problems in a factory D. set up a new business
Question 4. The word “They” in paragraph 3 refers to__________.
A. textiles B. employers C. products D. stores
Question 5. The word “took off” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to________.
A. copied B. left C. removed D. became popular
Question 6. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
Đề thi thử tn thpt 2024 tiếng anh phát triển từ đề minh họa đề 9