ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ II
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH 11
UNIT 9.
SOCIAL ISSUES
A. Pronunciation
Ÿ Intonation in choice questions
Pay attention to the rising intonation (ä) or falling intonation (æ) in the following choice questions. Then practise saying them in pairs.
1. Will you report the issue or keep it secret?
2. Has technology made cyberbullying more or less common?
3. Will the issue be discussed in today’s meeting or in the next meeting?
4. Do we invite all or most of the club members to take part in the campaign?
5. Do small children or teenagers suffer from cyberbullying more seriously?
6. Do they like to play video games or computer games?
7. Did she get a smartphone or a tablet for her birthday present?
8. Should we set up regulations about cyberbullying or only raise everyone’s awareness?
B. Vocabulary
• Words and phrases related to social issues
I. Complete the sentences with the words given.
campaign
body shaming
awareness
social issue
poverty
bullying
cyberbullying
alcohol
peer pressure
violence
1. The closure of the factory brought ___________________ to the town.
2. Children of different ages see ___________________ or teasing differently.
3. There are many risks attached to social media sites, and ___________________ is one of the largest risks.
4. Youth in the behavioural risk group were more likely to report negative ___________________ than were youth in the optimal group.
5. This is the latest act of terrorism in a long-standing and bloody ___________________ of violence.
6. Ageing is simultaneously an academic problem, a pressing ___________________ and anurgent personal concern.
7. ___________________ is criticizing yourself or others because of some aspect of physical appearance.
8. The programme makers reject the notion that seeing ___________________ on television has a harmful effect on children.
9. He is under doctor’s orders to cut down on fatty food and to drink no ___________________ for at least six months.
10. The campaign has certainly succeeded in raising public ___________________ of the issue.
II. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs given.
accept
influence
report
value
hang out
lead
hesitate
colour
bully
stand up
1. Do you think he ___________________ his hair?
2. She was ___________________ as a full member of the society.
3. I don’t know why he ___________________ with Phong because they’ve got nothing in common.
4. Our survey indicates that one in four children is ___________________ at school.
5. Some people believe your biorhythms can ___________________ your moods and behaviour.
6. I ___________________ his friendship more than I can ever say.
7. It was brave of her to ___________________ to those bullies.
8. Should you ever need anything, please don’t ___________________ to contact me.
9. Reducing speed limits has ___________________ to fewer deaths on the motorways.
10. Doctors have ___________________ a 13% increase in the number of people with heart disease.
III. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word / phrase from the box.
met face to face
broken up
closeness
date
relationship
romantic relationships
sympathetic
argument
reconciled
dating
1. ___________________ without attraction is the kind of love we feel for best friends.
2. Have your brother and Mary in a(n) ___________________?
3. She met her husband through a(n) ___________________ agency.
4. My youngest uncle and I have never ___________________ before.
5. Ann is always the person to lend a(n) ___________________ ear if you have problems.
6. She has just ___________________ with her boyfriend.
7. When two people are ___________________, they become friendly again after they have argued.
8. He has asked her out on a(n) ___________________.
9. The counsellor gave us some helpful tips on ways we could talk to Nick without starting a big ___________________.
10. It is advisable for parents to start talking with their children as early as late teens regarding future ___________________.
• Prepositions
IV. Complete each sentence with the correct preposition.
1. We need to focus public attention ___________________ this social issue.
2. As the daughter of the president, she enjoys high status ___________________ her peers.
3. The main problem ___________________ the climbers was lack of sleep.
4. My grandfather had a strong influence ___________________ my early childhood.
5. You have to have such a lot of patience when you are dealing ___________________ kids.
6. For years she struggled ___________________ the establishment to get her theories accepted.
7. He challenged her right as director to decide ___________________ the matter.
8. You should keep a safe distance ___________________ the car in front.
9. The information led the police ___________________ a house near the harbour.
10. The purpose of the article was to draw attention ___________________ the problems faced by single parents.
C. Grammar
• Linking words and phrases
I. Complete the sentences with because, because of, or therefore.
1. ___________________ it rained, we stayed home.
2. It rained. ___________________, we stayed home.
3. We stayed home the rain ___________________.
4. The hurricane was moving directly toward a small coastal town. ___________________, all residents were advised to move inland until it passed.
5. The residents moved inland ___________________ the hurricane.
6. ___________________ the hurricane was moving directly toward a small coastal town, all residents were advised to move inland.
7. Lan is afraid of heights. ___________________, she will not walk across the glass-bottomed bridge.
8. Diamond can be used to cut grass ___________________ it is extremely hard.
9. A camel is an ideal animal for desert areas ___________________ it can go completely without water for eight to ten days.
10. Phong has poor eyesight. ___________________, he has to sit in the front row.
II. Complete the sentences with although or because.
1. I put on my sunglasses ___________________ it was a dark, cloudy day.
2. I put on my sunglasses ___________________ the sun was bright.
3. ___________________ she has a job, she doesn’t make enough money to support her four children.
4. ___________________ she has a job, she is able to pay her rent and provide food for her family.
5. Jack is going horseback riding with his friends this afternoon ___________________ he’s afraid of horses.
6. Jack is going horseback riding with his friends this afternoon ___________________ he enjoys it.
7. I knew that I should get some sleep, but I just couldnt put my book down ___________________ I was really enjoying it.
8. I’m glad that my mother made me take piano lessons when I was a child ___________________ I hated it at the time. Now, I play the piano every day.
9. Nam jumped into the river to rescue the little girl who was drowning ___________________ he wasn’t a good swimmer.
10. ___________________ the flood damaged the bridge across the river, his family were able to cross the river ___________________ they had a boat.
III. Complete the sentences with although or however.
1. Jack ate a large dinner. ___________________, he is still hungry.
2. Jack is still hungry ___________________ he ate a large dinner.
3. I had a lot of studying to do. ___________________, I went to the cinema.
4. I finished all of my work ___________________ I was very sleepy.
5. I had washed my hands. ___________________, they still looked dirty.
6. ___________________ I had washed my hands, they still looked dirty.
7. Diana didn’t know how to swim; ___________________, she jumped into the swimming pool.
8. ___________________ Diana didn’t know how to swim, she jumped into the swimming pool.
9. Ann’s father gave her some good advice. ___________________, she didn’t follow it.
10. ___________________ Ann’s father gave her some good advice, she didn’t follow it.
IV. Complete the sentences. Use although and a sentence given below.
A. I didn’t speak the language
B. I had never seen her before
C. it was quite cold
D. I had met her twice before
E. he has a very important job
F. we don’t like them very much
G. the heating was on
H. we have known each other for a long time
1. _________________________________, he isn’t particularly well-paid.
2. _________________________________, I recognised her from a photo.
3. She wasn’t wearing a coat _________________________________.
4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party _________________________________.
5. _________________________________, I managed to make myself understood.
6. _________________________________, the room wasn’t warm.
7. I didn’t recognise her _________________________________.
8. We’re not very good friends _________________________________.
V. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. __________ we got lost driving into the city, we were late for the meeting.
A. Since B. Because of C. However D. For
2. Two of the factories in our small town have closed. __________, unemployment is high.
A. However B. Because C. So that D. Furthermore
3. John’s favourite show was on. He reach to turned on the TV __________ he could watch it.
A. because of B. therefore C. so that D. for
4. She bought the book __________ she had heard it was good.
A. due to B. because C. because of D. so
5. __________ I heard the telephone ring, I didn’t answer it.
A. Because B. Only if C. Even though D. If
6. __________ the post office was closed, I couldn’t mail my package.
A. Therefore B. Because of C. However D. Since
7. __________ I was dead tired, I walked all the way home.
A. Despite B. Although C. In spite of D. Because
8. Some English words have the same pronunciation __________ they are spelled differently, for example, dear and deer.
A. unless B. even though C. since D. only if
9. Ms. Moore, the school counselor, had years of experience dealing with student problems. __________, she is sometimes confronted by a problem that she cannot handle by herself.
A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. On the other hand
10. __________ excellent art museums, Moscow has a world-famous ballet company.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. Moreover D. In addition to
D. Reading
I. Read the magazine article and choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
School Hacker Faces Prison!
One morning, Kevin Lehman, a teacher at Greenwood High School in Texas, was grading his students’ math homework. He had started to enter the grades on the school database when he noticed something mysterious. He was by nature a careful person, so he checked all the grades again. According to the computer, one of his students, 18-year-old Dan Sinclair, had got the top grade in the last six maths tests. The problem was Lehman knew that he hadn’t. The boy’s grades had always been dreadful. So, who had changed the scores on the computer?
Lehman went to see Principal Sarah Lowe and explained the situation. Miss Lowe immediately called Dan to her office. Dan was unhelpful and said that he hadn’t done anything to the database. So, the Principal called the police. The police found copies of some final exams with all the answers in Dan’s desk. When they questioned Dan, he realised he was in a dangerous position and it was better to be truthful. He admitted that he had hacked into the school computer because he wanted to study law and he needed good maths grades. The police charged Dan with hacking and theft. If they find him guilty, Dan could go to prison for 40 years.
1. Kevin Lehman teaches / studies maths at Greenwood High School.
2. Lehman noticed that Dan had good / bad grades, according to the computer.
3. The Principal called the police before / after she had spoken to Dan.
4. Dan told the police he had / hadn’t changed the grades.
5. Dan wants to study maths / law in college.
II. Read the text, and mark the sentences true (T) or false (F).
A Good Job
In the past when married couples had problems they usually split up or continued to live together in an unhappy relationship. These days couples, married or not, can get advice on their problems from many sources. A lot of them come to me.
I’m a counsellor and I’m trained to listen to couples with problems. Then I try to advise them on the best way forward. One of my main tasks is to get people to talk - to each other and to me. Often a relationship has problems because people keep all their feelings inside. If we talk about things, we can often find an answer.
It’s also important to realise that we’re not all perfect. We all make mistakes. But we need to say sorry and talk about how we can prevent these mistakes from happening again. This can make a relationship stronger.
I don’t always succeed in helping people to stay together. Sometimes it’s better for the couple to split up and start new lives apart. But it helps everyone if the break-up can be friendly, especially for any children involved.
I love my job. I meet all sorts of people and it’s generally very rewarding.
1. In the old times, couples chose to live together in an unhappy relationship instead of divorce.
____
2. Only married couples come to a counsellor. ____
3. One important thing in a good relationship is sharing our feelings. ____
4. Couples break up because they are not perfect. ____
5. Sometimes the break-up can help couples lead a better life. ____
III. Read the text, and mark the sentences true (T) or false (F). Correct the false sentences.
Learning to Love
How would you feel if your parents chose your partner?
In some cultures, parents choose a future husband or wife for their children and then organize a wedding. The reasons for these arranged marriages are complicated, but they’re usually connected with status, traditions and money. This affects some young people in Britain, but they don’t all agree with the practice.
‘I want to wait until the time is right.’
‘There’s a girl I like. I’ve known her since August, when we met on holiday. I’m not thinking of telling my parents yet because it’s nothing serious, but I’m not sure that they will understand if I bring a girlfriend home. I think that there may be a problem in the future. My parents come from a country where families choose a partner for their sons and daughters. They introduced me a girl “from a good family” recently. I hadn’t met her before, so she came to our house with her mother and father. It was a very formal occasion because they all think that this girl will be my future wife, but we didn’t have anything in common. I’m sixteen and I don’t want to get married to anyone at the moment. I want to wait until the time is right and choose my future partner myself. It’s difficult because I respect my parents and I don’t want to upset them.’
Harry, aged 16
‘All relationships require commitment.’
T used to think that “love” marriages were better than arranged marriages, but I’ve changed my mind recently. I’ve met people who are happy in arranged marriages. Maybe they weren’t in love when they got married, but with time they’ve learned to love and respect their partners. On the other hand, some people who are in “love” marriages split up. They’ve been with their partners for years, but they fall out and their marriages end in failure. I think a relationship needs commitment. Love isn’t enough on its own. The couple must be understanding and patient and build up their relationship over time. People can’t just fall in love, get married and hope that everything will perfect forever. That only happens in films.’
Samina, aged 17
1. In an arranged marriage, the parents of the future couple organize the wedding.
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. Harry hasn’t told his parents about the girl he met on holiday.
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Harry got on well with the girl his parents introduced him to.
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Harry wants to get married when the time is right.
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. Samina thinks that arranged marriages don’t work as well as love marriages.
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. Samina thinks that a relationship needs more than love for it to last.
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. Samina says that perfect relationships only exist in films.
___________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Read the web page and do the tasks that follow.
Any Answers?
Popular Topics
A. SCHOOL
B. HEALTH
C. FAMILY and HOME
D. MONEY
Reese341
‘My little brother is a pain! He’s 8 years old, and he copies everything I do. When I watch TV, he watches it. When I listen to music, so does he. I think that if I spend a whole day cleaning, he’s probably join in. The worst part is when my friends come over. He won’t leave US alone for a minute. My friends say they won’t mind, but I don’t believe them. What should I do? I really need my space.’
Favourite Answer
WiseOwl
‘Hi, Reese. You shouldn’t be angry with your brother. It’s cool that he admires you so much! You should tell him that you need your own space, but promise to spend some time with him. Why don’t you ask him what he’d like to do? I bet he’d be delighted. If you did a few things together sometimes, he’d probably leave you alone at other times. You should talk with your parents about the problem, too. I’m sure they can help.’
HollyG
‘My mum got a great job in a different town, so I’m starting a new school next week. If it was the start of the school year, it wouldn’t be so bad, but I’m changing school halfway through a term! I’m going to be ‘the new girl’, and I’m scared. How can I make new friends? Please tell me what I should do. I’m so worried that no one will like me. Every time I think about it, I get a headache.’
Favourite Answer
BlueRose
‘I understand how you feel. When I started college, I was so nervous that I had a stomachache. But I’m sure you’ll be fine. On your first day, you shouldn’t try too hard to impress people. Just relax, and be yourself. Smile and ask a lot of questions (everyone loves talking about themselves!). You should also join some after-school clubs that interest you. They’re a great way to make friends because you already like similar things.’
Task 1. Choose the correct answer.
What kind of website is it?
a. an online newsletter b. an official medical website c. an advice site
Task 2. Match the new words 1-5 from the webpage with their definitions a-e.
1. copy (v) _____ a. to like somebody very much
2. admire (v) _____ b. a period of time of a school year
3. halfway (adv) _____ c. to do the same as somebody else
4. term (n) _____ d. to make someone have good opinion about you
5. impress (v) _____ e. in the middle of something
Task 3. Answer the questions.
1. What is Reese’s problem?
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the worst part of Reese’s problem?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. According to WiseOwl, what should Reese promise to do?
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Who else can help Reese?
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. Why is HollyG starting a new school?
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. Why is HollyG worried?
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. According to BlueRose, why should HollyG ask questions?
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. Why is it a good idea to join an after-school club?
___________________________________________________________________________________
TEST 1 (UNIT 9)
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. alcohol B. awareness C. anxiety D. campaign
2. A. body B. poverty C. confident D. violent
3. A. offensive B. depression C. pressure D. expression
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
4. A. influence B. dangerous C. remember D. hesitate
5. A. sensitivity B. cyberbullying C. representative D. anti-bullying
III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
6. Examples of ______________ can range from insults on instant messages to photos shared without consent.
A. hurting B. frightening C. cyberbullying D. cyberterrorism
7. There is tremendous peer ______________ among teenagers to dress a certain way.
A. stress B. tension C. pressure D. reaction
8. She wrote a great piece about the relationship between weight loss contests and the detrimental effects of body ______________.
A. shape B. shaming C. size D. weight
9. The problems of ______________, homelessness and unemployment are all interconnected.
A. happiness B. hopelessness C. honesty D. poverty
10. This week’s broadcast features a report on victims of domestic ______________.
A. violence B. war C. argument D. debate
11. Carol showed up for the meeting ______________ I asked her not to be there.
A. even though B. despite C. provided that D. because
12. I turned on the fan ______________ the room was hot.
A. due to B. despite C. even though D. because
13. The sky was grey and cloudy. ______________, we went to the beach.
A. Therefore B. However C. Even though D. In spite of
14. I ask Mary to run the office while I’m away ______________ I know I can depend on her.
A. unless B. since C. although D. therefore
15. ______________ Nancy is an honest person, I still wonder whether she’s telling the truth about the incident.
A. In spite of B. Since C. Though D. In the event that
IV. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word below. There are three extra words.
influence
values
example
confidence
pressure
experience
result
task
Pros of Peer Pressure
Peers help us to gain new experiences and information. We can learn many things from the 16 ______________ of people around us to make ourselves better. It can be copying someone’s 17 ______________, dressing style, or fitness. According to psychology, people perform better when they have someone to support them. Sometimes members of a group motivate us to perform a(n) 18 ______________ that we think we are not able to do.
All decisions we make have some direct or indirect 19 ______________ on people. So, when we are in a group of productive people, they will always give us advice that is useful to us. Friends also create a good 20 ______________ when they frown upon bad behaviours and habits, and share their positive values.
V. Combine each pair of sentences, using the linking word given in brackets.
21. I went to bed. I was very tired. (because)
___________________________________________________________________________________
22. Many people avoid using a microwave oven for fear of its rays. It has been shown to be safe. (although)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
23. Because of his age, Mr. Jones was not hired. He had the necessary qualifications. (even though)
___________________________________________________________________________________
24. It is warm and sunny today. We go to the park. (because)
___________________________________________________________________________________
25. Nick seems to be a trustworthy person. I don’t ask him for any advice before making important decisions. (however)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
VI. Choose the word among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Online Dating
Dating people online has become an extremely popular custom that has developed as more and more people have figured out the 26 ___________ of using the Internet as a way of finding love. People of all ages submit to dating online, teens and adults 27 ___________ searching for that special person by setting up 28 ___________ on online dating sites and browsing through other people’s profiles. On dating websites, singles are provided the 29 ___________ of learning a few things about various potential partners, making their decision of contacting them based 30 ___________ dating profile descriptions and photos.
Out of the many countries where people practise online dating, the United Kingdom is perhaps the keenest on online dating 31 ___________ most English people prefer to browse on the Internet in order to find 32 ___________ instead of trying to meet other persons in bars, clubs, parks or at parties.
Dating may vary across the globe, yet as time passes, people develop 33 ___________ dating customs, such as dating with the help of the Internet. Although this 34 ___________ of dating is mostly practised in the Western civilization, no one can tell for sure what other customs will emerge as the world changes, and whether strict dating will come against some people’s right of choosing whatever partner they see 35 ___________ for themselves.
26. A. success B. qualities C. advantages D. drawbacks
27. A. alike B. like C. unlike D. likely
28. A. arrangements B. accounts C. records D. details
29. A. situation B. time C. development D. opportunity
30. A. in B. on C. at D. from
31. A. although B. so C. since D. but
32. A. girlfriends B. days C. marriage D. dates
33. A. new B. interested C. shocking D. available
34. A. document B. chance C. form D. arrangement
35. A. fit B. ready C. excited D. interesting
VII. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
Mr. and Mrs. Nelson have two children, Lara 10 and Peter is 16. Mrs. Nelson first discovered that Peter was getting into trouble when school rang her to say that he hadn’t turned up that day, or the day before. She realized right away that he had been truanting.
Peter’s behaviour was causing conflict in the house and Mr. and Mrs. Nelson were both concerned. They had different views of how they should deal with Peter’s behaviour and this led to rows that upset the whole family. They decided to prevent Peter from going out with his friends, but this just made him more stubborn, and he would continue to miss school and stay outside his curfew.
Over the coming weeks, family life became more and more difficult. Mr. and Mrs. Nelson felt that they could no longer do this on their own and asked the school to help. The school arranged for Peter to talk to someone he trusted, and they made an agreement for him to start gradually attending school again. He was also given some time to catch up with the work he had missed.
As he started to talk it through, Peter realized that he had been unhappy at school for a while. He admitted that he had felt lonely since his best friend moved away and another group of friends had persuaded him to skip school. As he missed more and more school, it became harder to go back.
Peter was encouraged to tell his parents how much he missed his friend and that he wanted to spend time with his dad playing football or fishing. Mr. Nelson thought he had grown out of that a long time ago but was pleased to spend time with Peter again.
Mr. and Mrs. Nelson tried to notice every day when Peter achieved his goal of attending school, being on time and remembering to do his homework. It took a little longer for Peter’s friendships to return to normal and Peter has had to learn to prove himself trustworthy to his parents, but gradually Mr. and Mrs. Nelson are learning to trust Peter again.
36. The conflict in the Nelsons was due to the fact that ___________.
A. Peter had been truanting at school
B. Peter was getting into trouble at school
C. they paid too much attention to Lara
D. they didn’t agree on the solution to Peter’s problem
37. When Mr. and Mrs. Nelson applied severe punishment to Peter, ___________.
A. Peter stopped going out with his friends
B. it had no effect and made the situation worse
C. he missed his friends and stayed outside his curfew
D. the family didn’t know how to deal with his behaviour
38. The school applied all the following things to help Peter EXCEPT that ___________.
A. they helped the Nelsons solve the problem on their own
B. they agreed to allow him to come back to school
C. they helped him to catch up with his study
D. they tried to make his communication with his friends better
39. The reason why Peter got into trouble was that ___________.
A. it became harder for him to miss school
B. he couldn’t talk about his problem at home and at school
C. some of his friends had negative impact on him
D. he wanted to move away with his best friend
40. The best solution to Peter’s problem was that ___________.
A. he went fishing with his dad again
B. the school and family have helped and trusted him
C. he could do his homework and go to school on time
D. it took him a long time to have normal friendship again
VIII Complete the dialogue with the phrases below. There is one extra that you do not need.
A. when you have a group of friends coming from different cultures
B. some students decide to put off going to college
C. their encouragement can help you to get the physical activity you need
D. pushing a friend to study harder so that that person could get good grades
E. when students work with intelligent classmates
F. you feel ashamed about who you are
Lan: Do you think it is important to make an effort at our friendship? When you want to feel like a part of a group, other members of that group can put pressure on you to act in a specific way.
Mai: That’s right. Peer pressure can be a way to help you learn some positive habits and abandon bad habits as well. For example, your friends like to take a walk each morning to get some exercise, so they invite you to come along. 41 _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________.
Lan: Another example is that 42 _________________________________________________________, they tend to perform better in class.
Mai: Peer pressure can help you to experience different cultures. Every family teaches their children different values based on the desires of the parents. 43 _______________________________________
_____________________________________________________, you can benefit from their attitudes, just as your friends can learn from you.
Lan: I agree with you. Moreover, peer pressure can change your goals in life. For example, 44 _______________________________________________________ because their friends are staying at home to work. Some decide to work in a job they hate because of the peer pressure they experience in the team.
Mai: Peer pressure also has some drawbacks. It can make 45 __________________________________
___________________________________. When someone else has a lot of money and you don’t, this issue can become a peer pressure problem. You should not feel ashamed about who you are, where you are from, or how much money your parents make.
IX. Write sentences about the problem of bullying, using the words given.
46. teachers / parents / understand / various forms / bullying / especially cyberbullying
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
47. first step / fighting / this social problem / to understand / both / its causes / effect / but / solutions / not simple
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
48. bullying prevention / involve / entire school community / creating / a culture / respect
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
49. adults / including parents / help / prevent bullying / by / keep / lines / communication / open
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
50. adults / also talk / their children I bullying / and / encourage / get help / when / they / in trouble
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________TEST 2 (UNIT 9)
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. verbal B. poverty C. performance D. cyberbullying
2. A. admit B. ashamed C. awareness D. contrast
3. A. pressure B. depression C. confidence D. offensive
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
4. A. issue B. campaign C. social D. problem
5. A. physical B. poverty C. violent D. awareness
III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
6. Recent campaigns have led to a dramatic increase in _______________ of social issues.
A. knowledge B. awareness C. sympathy D. experience
7. I used to advise them not to drink too much _______________ while driving or riding and they kept telling me that they only drank a very small quantity.
A. water B. soft drink C. alcohol D. vinegar
8. A range of social _______________ and their bad effects were debated at the meeting.
A. issues B. progress C. values D. expectations
9. The government have just launched their annual Christmas _______________ to stop drunken driving.
A. action B. activity C. plan D. campaign
10. In Britain, half of all violent _______________ is committed by people who have been drinking alcohol.
A. crime B. criminal C. punishment D. resistance
11. Some people really enjoy swimming. _______________, others are afraid of water.
A. By contrast B. Although C. Despite D. Moreover
12. The ancient Aztec of Mexico had no technology for making tools from metal. _______________, they had sharp knives and spears made from a stone called obsidian.
A. Whereas B. Although C. However D. Despite
13. _______________ there was no electricity, I was able to read because I had a candle.
A. Unless B. Even though C. Because D. Only if
14. Even though a duck may live on water, it stays dry _______________ the oil on its feathers. The oil prevents the water from soaking through the feathers and reaching its skin.
A. due to B. besides C. in spite of D. in the event of
15. It is still a good idea to know how to type. _______________ the many technological advances in typewriters and word processors, a skilled operator remains indispensable.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. In addition to
IV. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word below. There are three extra words.
leading
buying
showing
skipping
engaging
asking
thinking
taking
Cons of Peer Pressure
Friends may encourage 16 _______________________ in risky things, such as fighting, reckless riding or cheating in class. Students could get distracted because of peer pressure of playing truant or 17_______________________ study.
A person makes reckless decisions without 18 _______________________ just only because others also do this. The most relevant example of this is 19 _______________________ items that are unnecessary. People start 20 _______________________ fake lives to impress others, and it can lead them to harmful results. Sometimes a person may want things due to peer pressure, but he or she isn’t able to get them because of some issues, which could then make them upset or depressed.
V. Combine each pair of sentences, using the linking word given in brackets.
21. Tom was thirsty. He refused the glass of water I brought him. (although)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
22. Our classroom is hot and crowded. I don’t like our classroom. (because)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
23. Ann’s father gave her some good advice. She didn’t follow it. (however)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
24. The windows were all left open. The room was a real mess after the windstorm. (therefore)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
25. I was unprepared for the exam. I felt sure I would get a low score. (because)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 10.
The ecosystem
A. Pronunciation
• Intonation in question tags
Identify the intonation of the question tags based on the context, and complete the suitable Yes/No responses. Then practise saying them in pairs.
1. A: (You ve known Mai will grow some young trees in the school garden tomorrow.)

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